Hello Students: DAY-3 Morning Coffee with NEET

HELLO STUDENTS: DAY-3 Morning 

1.CHROMOSOME NUMBERS OF PLANTS IN DIPLOID STATE:

*Papaya(Carica papaya)=36

*Radish(Raphanus sativus)=18

*Cabbage(Brassica oleracea)=18

*Pisum sativum (Garden pea)=14

*Arabidopsis thaliana =10

*Apple=34

*Ophioglossum(Adder's tongue fern)=1262

*Equisetum((Horsetail)=216

*Sugarcane=80

*Rice= 24

*Potato=48

*Maize=20

*Onion=16

*Giant Sequoia=22

*Haplopappus gracilis=4

2.COMMON FRUITS AND THEIR EDIBLE PARTS :

*Papaya/Carica papaya(Berry)=Mesocarp

*Pomegranate /Punica granatum (Balastula)=Aril(Testa (or) outer seed coat )

*Tomato/Lycopersicon esculentum(Berry)=Pericarp and Placenta.

*Mustard(Siliqua)=Seed

*Orange /Citrus reticulata(Hesperidium)=Juicy placenta

*Pear/Pyrus communis (Pome)=Fleshy thalamus

*Pea(Legume)= Cotyledons

*Maize(Caryopsis)=Endosperm

*Mango/Mangifera indica(Drupe)=Mesocarp

*Wheat(Caryopsis)=Endosperm

*Litchi/Litchi chinensis(Nut)=Aril

*Lemon/Citrus limon(Hesperidium)=Juicy placental hairs

*Grapes/Vitis vinifera(Berry)=Pericarp and placenta

*Jackfruit/Artocarpus integrifolia(Sorosis)=Perianth and Bracts

*Gram(Legume)=Cotyledons

*Fig/Ficus Carica(Syconus)=Fleshy thalamus or Fleshy receptacle

*Date palm/Phoenix dactylifera(Berry)=Pericarp

*Cucumber(Pepo)=Mesocarp

*Coconut/Cocos nucifera(Drupe)=Endosperm

*Cashew nut(Nut)=Fleshy thalamus

*Banana/Musa paradisiacal(Berry)=Pulp of Mesocarp and Endocarp.

*Apple/Pyrus maleus(Pome)=Thalamus

*Guava/Psidium guajava= Whole fruit

*Custard apple/Anona squamosa(Etaerio of Berries)=Pericarp

*Pine apple/Ananas comosus(Sorosis)=Juicy Mesocarp and Endocarp.

3.PLANTS ACT AS POLLUTION INDICATORS:

*SO2 POLLUTION= Lichens,Ficus,Pinus and Rose.

*NITRATE POLLUTION= Petunia and Chrysanthemum.

*FLUORIDE POLLUTION= Gladiolus

*HEAVY METAL POLLUTION=Robina pseudoacacia (Black locust tree).

4.ORGANIC ACIDS AND ITS SOURCES:

*CITRIC ACID= Aspergillus niger(Black mold)

*ACETIC ACID=Acetobacter aceti

*FUMARIC ACID=Rhizopus oryzae and Rhizopus stolonifer.

*BUTYRIC ACID=Clostridium butyricum.

*LACTIC ACID= Lactobacillus acidophilus, Rhizopus stolonifer.

*ITACONIC ACID=Aspergillus terreus.

*KOJIC ACID=Aspergillus flavus.

*GALLIC ACID=Aspergillus allomyces.

5.TERMINOLOLOGY of Water and Plants:

*CHRESARD=Water available to plants.

*ECHARD=Water not available to plants.

*HOLLARD= Total soil water content.

*CAPILLARY WATER= Water available to plants.

*GRAVITATIONAL WATER and HYGRASCOPIC WATER= Non available water to Plants.

6.INTER-GENIC(or)non -allelic interaction phenotypic ratio (EPISTATIC INTERACTION)

*Dominant epistasis in fruit colour in Summer squash =12:3:1

*Recessive epistasis in flower colour of Antirrhinum spp.= 9:3:4

*Duplicate genes with cumulative effect in fruit shape in summer squash=9:6:1

*Complementary genes in flower colour in sweet peas(Lathyrus)=9:7

*Supplementary genes in grain colour in maize=9:3:4

*Inhibitor genes in leaf colour in rice plants =13:3

*Duplicate genes in seed capsule shape(Fruit shape)in Shepherd's purse Bursa bursa-pastoris=15:1

7.INTRA-GENIC(or)ALLELIC INTERACTION Phenotypic Ratios:

*Incomplete dominance in flower colour in Mirabilis jalapa=1:2:1

*Incomplete dominance in flower colour in Antirrhinum spp (Snapdragon)=1:2:1

*Codominance in ABO Blood Group system in humans,Roan Coat colour of Horse and Sickle Cell Anaemia=1:2:1

By

Mr.R.Soundarapandian, MSc, MEd, MPhil, 

PG Asst Zoology 

SIR MCTM Boys Higher Secondary School, 

Purasawalkam Chennai-84.